When we are talking about just one person, animal, place or thing, we use a singular countable noun.
Here are some countable nouns that are in the singular.
cook
comb
bird
map
stadium
graph
train
ladder
Plural Nouns
When we are talking about two or more people, animals, places or things, we have to make the countable nouns plural.
Plural nouns usually end in s.
Singular
Plural
lamp
lamps
worker
workers
hawk
hawks
place
places
rope
ropes
When the last letters of singular nouns are ch, sh, s or x, you usually add es to form the plural. Some exceptions are stomach and monarch where you add s instead of es. This is because the ch in these words sounds like k.
Singular
Plural
arch
arches
branch
branches
brush
brushes
flash
flashes
bus
buses
address
addresses
box
boxes
fox
foxes
stomach
stomachs
monarch
monarchs
In the case of nouns that end in o, some nouns we need to add s to form the plural whereas others we need to add es to form the plural.
Singular
Plural
kangaroo
kangaroos
video
videos
zoo
zoos
tomato
tomatoes
tornado
tornadoes
hero
heroes
potato
potatoes
With some nouns that end in y, we form the plural by changing the y to i, and adding es.
Singular
Plural
lady
ladies
baby
babies
lily
lilies
trophy
trophies
jelly
jellies
story
stories
However, if there is a vowel before the y (ay, ey, oy), we just add s to form the plural.
Singular
Plural
bay
bays
way
ways
key
keys
jersey
jerseys
toy
toys
boy
boys
With some nouns ending in f, the plural ending is ves. We change f to v, and add es.
Singular
Plural
leaf
leaves
wolf
wolves
calf
calves
loaf
loaves
thief
thieves
With some nouns that end in f or fe, we just add s to form the plural
Singular
Plural
chief
chiefs
cliff
cliffs
roof
roofs
giraffe
giraffes
With some nouns ending in fe, we change f to v, and add s.
Singular
Plural
knife
knives
wife
wives
life
lives
The plural of some nouns is the same as the singular.
Singular
Plural
deer
deer
fish
fish
salmon
salmon
reindeer
reindeer
sheep
sheep
Some nouns are always plural.
pajamas
jeans
binoculars
goggles
spectacles
scissors
trousers
shorts
pliers
braces
The plural form of some nouns is different from the singular form.
Singular
Plural
goose
geese
foot
feet
ox
oxen
child
children
woman
women
man
men
mouse
mice
Videos
Learn English Singular Nouns and Plural Nouns
This tutorial describes the difference between singular and plural nouns, as well as other number class related issues.
Forming Plural Nouns with s
Forming Plural Nouns with es
Forming Plural Nouns
Plural Irregular Noun
This video shows how some popular irregular nouns change in the plural form. These nouns do not add the "s" at the end of the word.
Introduction to English Nouns - Singular, Plural and Collective Nouns
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