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Light in Physics

A series of free High School Physics Video Lessons from Brightstorm online Physics series.

Electromagnetic Waves
Electromagnetic waves are waves that take place in electromagnetic fields. When looking at electromagnetic waves in a vacuum, change in magnetic flux generate electric field and change in electric flux generates magnetic field. Alternating magnetic or electric field result propagation in vacuum in form of electromagnetic waves. The speed of the electromagnetic wave was found to be 3 x 10^8 m/s. Basic properties of electromagnetic are electric field and magnetic field perpendicular to one another in plane waves, the direction of propagation of is given by electric field x magnetic field, and the speed is calculated as wavelength times frequency

Electromagnetic Spectrum
The electromagnetic spectrum depicts different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations shown from blue to red. On the electromagnetic spectrum, wavelength is shown to be increasing to the right and frequency is shown to be increasing to the left. The radiations in the order from blue to red on the electromagnetic spectrum are gamma, X-ray, UV, visible, IR, microwaves and radio waves with gamma being the smallest and radio waves being the biggest.

Reflection-Refraction
Reflection and refraction occur when a light hits a boundary between two media with different light speeds. When the light is split, part of it will be reflected and another part will be refracted. When dealing with refraction, the angle of refraction is determined by Snell's law. Total internal reflection occurs when there is a change in slow moving medium to a faster moving medium.

Snell's Law
Snell's Law is the quantitative way to analyze refraction. Snell's Law is expressed in the formula angle of refraction 1 x sin(angle 1)= angle of refraction 2 x sin(angle 2),Â which is the geometrical requirement of parallel light rays.

Double Slit Experiment
Double slit experiment, also known as the Young's experiment, was conduct by Thomas Young in 1803. This experiment confirms the wave nature of light, which is wave behaves as a wave, not a particle. Double slit experiment showed that two distances were formed by the slit. Constructive interference occurs when d(sin of the angle) = n(wavelength)Â and instructive interference occurs when d(sin of the angle)=(n+1/2)(wavelength).

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