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Electricity

A series of free High School Physics Video Lessons from Brightstorm online Physics series.

 

 

Power
Power is the rate of energy use of electric circuit. The way that we calculate power is through the equation power = current x potential difference = (potential difference)^2/resistance = current^2 x resistance.

 

 

Capacitors
Capacitors store charge and energy. Parallel plate capacitors generally composed of two oppositely charged plates separated by a distance. The equation that we use to determine capacitance is capacitance = stored charge / potential difference. The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is proportional to the area of the plates and inversely proportional to the distance between the plates. The unit for capacitance is the Farad.

 

 

Capacitors in Series
Like currents in series, charge is the same when capacitors are connected in series but the potential difference adds. Unlike currents in series, effective capacitance is found by (1/effective capacitance)=(1/capacitance 1) +(1/capacitance 2). Effective capacitance is smaller than that of any of the individual capacitors.

 

 

Capacitors in Parallel
Capacitors in parallel allow the charge a choice of capacitors. Potential difference is the same with multiple parallel capacitors but the charge adds. Like resistance in series, adding capacitors in parallel increases effective capacitance. The formula for determining effective capacitance is effective capacitance = capacitance 1 + capacitance 2.

Capacitor Circuits
Capacitor circuits are circuits which flow until the capacitors are full. Once the capacitors are full, it is called steady state

RC Circuits
RC circuits contain resistors and capacitors. Immediately after a switch is closed, completing the circuit, the capacitors behave like wires because they have a potential difference of zero. After the current has been flowing for a long time the capacitors fill and the circuit reaches steady state. In steady state, the resistors in series with the capacitors behave like wires

 

 

 

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