Manipulating Graphs: Shifts and Stretches
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A series of college algebra lectures.
How to transform a graph horizontally or vertically?
How to vertically or horizontally stretch or compress a graph?
The following diagram shows some examples of vertical stretch and compress of graphs. Scroll down the page for more examples and solutions on stretching and compressing of graphs.
How to transform a graph horizontally?
f(x) → f(x + k)
shifts f(x), k units horizontally.
if k > 0, the shift is to the left.
if k < 0, the shift is to the right.
How to transform a graph vertically?
f(x) → f(x) + k
shifts f(x), k units vertically.
if k > 0, the shift is upwards.
if k < 0, the shift is downwards.
Horizontal and Vertical Graph Transformations
Shifting Curves along Axes
Transformations of Parent Functions
Vertical Shifts and Horizontal Shifts
How to vertically stretch or compress a graph?
y = af(x), a > 1, will stretch the graph of f(x) vertically by a factor of a.
y = af(x), 0 < a < 1, will compress the graph of f(x) vertically by a factor of a.
How to horizontally stretch or compress a graph?
y = f(bx), b > 1, will compress the graph of f(x) horizontally.
y = f(bx), 0 < b < 1, will stretch the graph of f(x) horizontally.
Function Transformations: Horizontal and Vertical Stretches and Compressions
This video explains to graph graph horizontal and vertical stretches and compressions in the form af(b(x - c)) + d. This video looks at how a and b affect the graph of f(x).
Graphing Quadratics Using Patterns
Using Transformations to Graph Quadratic Functions
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