Colligative PropertiesA series of free High School Chemistry Video Lessons from Brightstorm.
Colligative Properties Colligative properties are the properties of a solution as a whole and depend on the concentration. The colligative properties include freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, vapor pressure lowering and osmotic pressure.
Vapor Pressure Lowering Vapor pressure lowering is a colligative property of solutions. The vapor pressure of a pure solvent is greater than the vapor pressure of a solution containing a non volatile liquid. This lowered vapor pressure leads to boiling point elevation.
Boiling Point Elevation Boiling point elevation is a colligative property of solutions. Solutions’ boiling points are higher than that of the solute or solvent because the vapor pressure of solutions is lower. A boiling point is when the vapor pressure of the solution becomes equal to the external pressure, so when the initial vapor pressure is lower, it takes more heat to elevate the vapor pressure to the same point.
Freezing Point Depression Freezing point depression is a colligative property of solutions. Solutions’ freezing points are lower than that of the pure solvent or solute because freezing, or becoming solid, creates order and decreases entropy. Solutions have high entropy because of the mix of solvent and solute, so it takes more energy to decrease their entropy to the same point.
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